Why is there no sound on linux?

Question

linux

There is no sound from the headphones connected to the front panel.
I tried to shaman in alsamixer and pulseaudio, but I couldn't. the only thing I noticed is that if you turn it on in alsa loopback, then white noise appears in the headphones.
what to do to make the sound in the headphones (except white noise) work?

Answer 1

It turns out that by default pulseaudio was somehow crookedly configured.
in my system it is in Russian, then I will continue in Russian.
in the "configuration" tab, for some reason, the "digital stereo output" item was selected.
changed to "analogue stereo duplex" (is it for headsets?).
in the output device tab, changed the "port" from "line out" to "analog headphones".
after all these actions, I ruined my pants, because. music was playing in the background for the test, and the sound on all mixers was set to the maximum value.
alsa automatically adjusted (or something like that), after which some of the columns changed their values ​​from 00 to MM, some of the gain was reduced, and the master column dropped to 0 and also became MM.