Why is logging not working in Spring Webflow?

Question

Spring

Why are there no logs in the console (using Intellij IDEA)? Here is pom.xml and log4j.xml :

log4j.xml (click to open source)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE log4j:configuration SYSTEM "log4j.dtd">
<log4j:configuration debug="true">

    <appender name="console" class="org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender">
        <layout class="org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout">
            <param name="ConversionPattern"
                   value="%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n" />
        </layout>
    </appender>
    <logger name="org.springframework.webflow">
        <level value="trace"/>
    </logger>

    <root>
        <level value="DEBUG" />
        <appender-ref ref="console" />
    </root>

</log4j:configuration>

pom.xml (click to open source)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

  <groupId>org.example</groupId>
  <artifactId>WebFlowTest</artifactId>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <name>WebFlowTest Maven Webapp</name>
  <!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
  <url>http://www.example.com</url>

  <properties>
    <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source>
    <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework.webflow/spring-webflow -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.1.RELEASE</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/javax.servlet-api -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>4.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
      <version>1.2</version>
      <scope>runtime</scope>
    </dependency>



<!--    &lt;!&ndash; https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-api &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--    <dependency>-->
<!--      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>-->
<!--      <artifactId>slf4j-simple</artifactId>-->
<!--      <version>1.7.25</version>-->
<!--    </dependency>-->

<!--    &lt;!&ndash; https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/jcl-over-slf4j &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--    <dependency>-->
<!--      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>-->
<!--      <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>-->
<!--      <version>1.7.25</version>-->
<!--    </dependency>-->

<!--    &lt;!&ndash; https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.slf4j/slf4j-log4j12 &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--    <dependency>-->
<!--      <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>-->
<!--      <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>-->
<!--      <version>1.7.25</version>-->
<!--      <scope>test</scope>-->
<!--    </dependency>-->

    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.logging.log4j/log4j-core -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.17.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
      <version>2.17.1</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>log4j</groupId>
      <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
      <version>1.2.17</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.11</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalName>WebFlowTest</finalName>
    <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
      <plugins>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.1.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.0.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.8.0</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.22.1</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>3.2.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.5.2</version>
        </plugin>
        <plugin>
          <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
          <version>2.8.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginManagement>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <source>11</source>
          <target>11</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>