Why is Graphics blurry after scaling?

Question

Java

I use the code below to scale, it works, but after the picture does not fit into the screen, and scrollbars appear, the part that came out disappears, why is this happening? Thank you.

import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.awt.EventQueue;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.event.MouseAdapter;
import java.awt.event.MouseWheelEvent;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.geom.GeneralPath;
import java.awt.geom.Path2D;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JScrollPane;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException;
public class ZoomPane {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        new ZoomPane();
    }

    public ZoomPane() {
        EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                try {
                    UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName());
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
                }

                JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing");
                frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
                frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout());
                frame.add(new JScrollPane(new TestPane()));
                frame.pack();
                frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null);
                frame.setVisible(true);
            }
        });
    }

    public class TestPane extends JPanel {

        private float scale = 1;

        public TestPane() {
            addMouseWheelListener(new MouseAdapter() {

                @Override
                public void mouseWheelMoved(MouseWheelEvent e) {
                    double delta = 0.05f * e.getPreciseWheelRotation();
                    scale += delta;
                    revalidate();
                    repaint();
                }

            });
        }

        @Override
        public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
            Dimension size = new Dimension(200, 200);
            size.width = Math.round(size.width * scale);
            size.height = Math.round(size.height * scale);
            return size;
        }

        @Override
        protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
            super.paintComponent(g);
            Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create();
            AffineTransform at = new AffineTransform();
            at.scale(scale, scale);
            g2d.setTransform(at);

            g2d.setColor(Color.RED);

            // This is for demonstration purposes only
            // I prefer to use getWidth and getHeight
            int width = 200;
            int height = 200;

            Path2D.Float path = new Path2D.Float();
            int seg = width / 3;
            path.moveTo(0, height / 2);
            path.curveTo(0, 0, seg, 0, seg, height / 2);
            path.curveTo(
                    seg, height, 
                    seg * 2, height, 
                    seg * 2, height / 2);
            path.curveTo(
                    seg * 2, 0, 
                    seg * 3, 0, 
                    seg * 3, height / 2);

            g2d.draw(path);


            g2d.dispose();
        }
    }
}