Why doesn't JQuery work in IE9?

Question

JavaScript

I connect the library and the file with the script

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery-1.8.2.js"></script> <!-- Jquery библиотека -->
  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/common.js"></script>  <!-- Свои Jquery скрипты -->

file contents

$(function(){
alert('да!');
});

Works in all IE and normal browsers except IE9. Can anyone suggest what is the problem?
I tried different libraries, some meta tags that supposedly can reproduce the behavior of IE from earlier versions.

Answer 1

Make sure Compatibility Mode is not enabled.
Add to head:
And make sure that in Tools -> Compatibilily View Settings there is no checkbox "Display Intranet sites in Compatibility View"
Well, a screenshot of the console would be nice, because it displays some errors.

Answer 2

Effective January 12, 2016 - Microsoft is ending support for versions of Internet Explorer earlier than 11.