Why does apt-get update bring junk in debian 7.8?

Question

Debian

1) And why is everything so arranged in Debian that there is no centralized repository of the latest packages, kernels, etc. and these repositories for the new version of debian are their own and they need to be registered somewhere.
2) There is a fastvps hosting virtual machine. It doesn't matter to him which core I will stick there (in terms of the functioning of its virtualization technology)?
3) What is the easiest way to put the newest kernel on the oldest Debian? Or is it critical to upgrade to the latest Debian?

Answer 1

my friend. if you want everything self-refreshing ... then you obviously chose the wrong axis. debian belongs to the all less stable branch. I do not like? handles pull or change the assembly.

Answer 2

debian 7 will be released in 2013 (2.5+ years ago). All software for major versions is frozen in the repositories at the time of release (for example, php will always be 5.4 there or whatever it was). As long as possible, security updates will be backported to these package versions.
What for? To prevent apt-get upgrade from suddenly breaking servers in production by updating php to an incompatible version.
New versions of the packages are in the official backports repositories, but again, only those versions of the software that are known to be compatible with the rest of the software in the release (where there are no irreversible incompatibilities) are put there.
There is dotdeb, there are also fresh packages (however, the build quality is not always up to par, and the repository is unofficial).
> There is a fastvps hosting virtual machine.
Depends on the virtualization technology and configuration used. In about half of the cases, the answer is "no, don't care."
> the easiest way is to install the newest kernel on the oldest Debian
The newest _release-tested_ kernel can be installed from backports. And so any distribution is weakly dependent on the version of the kernel, we take the kernel sorts, debianization and build ourselves a package.

Answer 3

https://www.debian.org/releases/sid/
https://wiki.debian.org/InstallFAQ

Answer 4

1) use sid. From a stable debian, and even more so from an old stable branch, waiting for fresh software is strange
2) imme, fastvps on openvz. Those. you will not be able to put your kernel in principle. For openvz, the guest machine does not have its own kernel, but uses the kernel of the host system.
3) backports