Why does an array with a limited number of values ​​take more than it should?

Question

Java

I am quite new to java, and as befits all beginners, I decided to write a calculator, but limited in characters. So I have an array in which there are only 3 cells, but for some reason when I add the 4th value to it, it does not give me an error, but simply adds all 4 values ​​to the list, why?

import java.util.Scanner;

public class test {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("Enter the numbers to be counted:");
        String calc = scanner.nextLine();
        try {
            String[] subCalc = new String[3];
            subCalc = calc.split(" ");
            for (int i = 0; i < subCalc.length; i++) {
                System.out.println(subCalc[i]);
            }
        } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
            System.out.println("Only 3 characters are allowed!");
            System.out.println("2 + 2 | Yes");
            System.out.println("2 + 2 + 2 | No");
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

calc.split(" ")returns a new array of a different size and overwrites the previous one in the subCalc variable.