Which of the following options for organizing the directory structure is the most correct in terms of SEO and web analytics automation?

Question

Search Engine Optimization

Product cards receive a unique product code in which its product category is encoded
987 654
nxx xxx - Category n
Option 1
Product cards are stored in the directory of the final product category and do not contain the name of the final product in the address, but only its code
https://domain.ru/catalog /category/subcategory/987654
Option 2
Product cards are stored in the directory of the final product category and the address is a transliteration of the product name
https://domain.ru/catalog/category/subcategory/imp...
Option 2
All product categories are stored in the directory / catalog/ https:
//domain.ru/catalog/category/subcategory/
Product cards are stored separately in the /goods/ directory and do not contain the name of the final product in the address, but only its code
https://domain.ru/goods/987654
Option 3
All product categories are stored in the /catalog/
https://domain.ru directory /catalog/category/subcategory/
Product cards are stored separately in the /goods/ directory and the address is a transliteration of the product name
https://domain.ru/goods/mpact-whey-protein
Option 4
All product categories are stored in the /catalog/
https directory ://domain.ru/catalog/category/subcategory/ Product
cards are stored separately in the /goods/ directory and both the transoite name and the product code are embedded in the address
https://domain.ru/goods/mpact-whey-protein-987654
Option 5
All product categories are stored in the directory /catalog/
https://domain.ru/catalog/category/subcategory/
Product cards are stored separately in the directory /goods/ and the address of the card is the product code, but when you switch, it redirects to an address with the name
https ://domain.ru/goods/987654 - redirect to
https://domain.ru/goods/9876543/mpact-whey-protein

Answer 1

It’s definitely not worth using IDs in addresses, because during the operation of the site, section and product IDs can change, and you will have a bunch of non-working pages in the search, and you will need to set up 301 redirects to direct you to actual pages.
I myself usually use such addresses, since they seem more
logical to
me : / /catalog/subcategory1/ /catalog/subcategory2/ for items /catalog/goods/item-code/ /catalog/item-code/ /goods/item-code/
For items, it may be more convenient to use
/goods/item-code/
if one product can be located in different sections, and if their character codes will definitely not be duplicated. In this case, the product has one actual address, so as not to create duplicate pages and not indicate canonical links.
But even if one product can be located in different sections, then from the point of view of the visitor it seems to be more convenient to see in which section he is currently viewing the product, i.e. so that the element is available at the addresses:
/catalog/category/subcategory1/item-code/
/catalog/category/subcategory2/item-code/
To avoid duplicates in the search, you need to prescribe canonical urls.
/catalog/category/subcategory/
/catalog/category/subcategory/item-code/
if a product can be linked to several categories, I use
/catalog/category/subcategory/
/catalog/category/subcategory1/item-code/
/catalog/category/subcategory2/item-code /
and I use the link to the product subcategory1 as a canonical
This option also allows you to have subsections and products with the same character codes in different sections.
PS Maybe seo-specialists think differently and will express their opinion.