Where would I get a list of cities in all major countries grouped by state?

Question

Database

For simplicity, the term "state" will also denote their counterparts in countries other than the United States, for example, subjects of the Russian Federation, German states, regions of Ukraine, the Czech Republic, etc.
So. Countries and their standard codes are listed in the ISO 3166-1 standard , the "states" of these countries and their standard codes are in ISO 3166-2 , but I did not find anything like that for cities.
In general, you need a table of cities with the code "state" according to ISO 3166-2 in order to automatically fill in the corresponding table in the project database, while linking it to "states" by a foreign key.
I think this task one way or another confronts anyone who makes a site on which the user selects a place of residence during registration, so there is probably a more or less practical solution somewhere.
Please tell me where to look. Thanks in advance.
PS: Even here, people have already asked (and received answers) the bases of cities and countries and Google suggests something, but I have not found exactly what I described anywhere. There are cities by country, there are cities by these states, but with full-text names without ISO codes. So far, what you need has been found only, in fact, in the USA ( here ), but I would like to find it in all major countries. The language will be enough English to start, although if there are other languages, of course it will not be worse.

Answer 1

https://kladr-api.ru/ - here, by the way, it works fine.
or
www.nalog.ru/rn77/program/all/kladr
www.gnivc.ru/inf_provision/classifiers_reference/kladr
this is the Russian base only in my opinion! little use.

Answer 2

wikipedia.org

Answer 3

Complete database of cities, countries, regions in Russian and English with GPS coordinates, divided into regions, and districts htmlweb.ru/geo/geo.php
At the moment Countries: 255, States: 8756, Districts within regions: 43854, Cities : 1 308 956