Where can I read about how games are translated?

Question

Programming

Interested in the technical part. What to do with structures (and what is it in general), how to understand the character encoding, how to open game files.

Answer 1

In a normal way, localization is performed where the possibility of localization is foreseen in advance.
For example, all phrases in the code are variables that are substituted for the necessary phrases depending on the selected language, and the entire language set is stored in a separate file. But these are implementation details.
You can also "open" game files, but here no one guarantees that you are using the correct encoding, and that the size of the phrase will fit where the phrase used to be on the original.
What is encoding - Wikipedia.
Structure - data type.