What will happen to a 12 Volt light bulb in a 24 Volt circuit?

Question

Physics

Interested in the essence, an example, perhaps rough, but I will be glad to be more correct.
Are 12 volt bulbs tuned to such a voltage due to a certain resistance so that no more or less amperes pass? The battery is 12 volts, under it is a light bulb with a voltage of 40 ohms and all 0.3 A flows quietly.
And with the same light bulb for 12 volts in a circuit of 24 or more volts.
The voltage of 24 Volts through the same 40 Ohms will already be 0.6 Amperes, and it is precisely because of the excess of the current that it will burn out and something else will suffer if there are other devices in the same circuit?
And in this case, if 2 12-volt bulbs are plugged into a 24-volt circuit in series, will they not burn out if they are always turned on only together?
Do I understand this correctly, that it's all about amps or something is wrong here?

Answer 1

due to excess current, it will burn out

yes, provided that the source provides the required current. If you have a 24V source with a short circuit current of 0.1 A, then nothing will happen to the lamp.
If these devices are rated for 24V, then no. If not calculated, then it all depends on what is at stake.
yes
And it's all about Ohm's law, you seem to understand it correctly.

Answer 2

The 12V lamp will burn out when 24V is connected due to the excess of the rated current in the circuit by 2 times.
2 bulbs will work in series; the current through them will be the same, calculated.
Ohms are not voltage.

Answer 3

The voltage of 24 volts through the same 40 ohms will already be 0.6 amperes

If you rely only on Ohm's law, then yes. But there are other factors, incl. and lamp design. Let's say it's an incandescent lamp. Her current at 24 volts will be less than 0.6 A, due to an increase in the resistance of the thread during overheating. Those. the graph of current versus voltage will no longer be a straight line, so such a lamp is called a "nonlinear element".
Sometimes the nonlinearity of such a lamp is specially exploited to stabilize the current passing through it, then it is called a "barretter".