What types or algorithms of combined learning exist?

Question

Algorithms

I found a slide that says that the ways of learning in computer systems are divided into:

• Deductive or analytical learning (expert systems). There is knowledge formulated by an expert and somehow formalized. The program derives concrete facts from these rules and other rules.
  

• Inductive learning (statistical learning). On the basis of empirical data, the program builds a general rule. Empirical data can be obtained by the program itself in previous sessions of its work or simply presented to it.
  

• Combined learning.
  

Please provide types and algorithms of combined learning.