What programs create cartoons? there is an interesting question, see the description -?

Question

Graphic arts

so I thought, such cartoons as avatar aang, fullmetal alchemist, chip and dale, naruto. and other 2D animations (cartoons) are very expensive to create...
looking on the Internet, I found that they are drawn a lot by hand each frame, and this is 1. difficult, 2. long, 3. not so high quality and worked out (not always possible in all poses draw the same character perfectly) 4. in the end, to be of high quality it is expensive, well, 5. you need a lot of robotics, which is also expensive.
but my idea or voros, why not create 2d cartoons in 3d programs? is it possible to create a 2d cartoon in a 3d program? having drawn a character once, you no longer have to draw, but only move, which is much easier and better, as well as cheaper and you need a lot less people, and if you still put on a motion capture system, it will move even faster and more believable.
here is the game naruto storm 4 this is a 3d game that looks like a 2d anime (only the ladders from the stroke (borders) need to be removed). and I thought that if I make light and shadows not with a blur of borders, but with a clear border, then it will look like 2d, just don’t add a lot of tones to colors, and the 3d object turns into 2d (look at Naruto Storm 4 and you’ll understand)
so this is what Q:
Are there such programs?
how do pros make 2d animation?
why don't they create such programs or why don't they do them?

Answer 1

Main programs:
Toon Boom Harmony
Moho (former Anime Studio)
In them you can create a character and move / bend it as you like. This is called skeletal animation and no 3d editor is needed here. In Moho, you can rotate a Persian around its axis using smart bones, in Toon Boom there are also enough professional tools for animators. This, by the way, is Walt Disney's main software for creating television animated series.
pysy: YouTube is full of videos of all kinds of noobs taking their first steps in animation with Anime Studio, among them you can hardly find decent examples of using this, in fact, just revolutionary software, so here's a normal link for you .

Answer 2

Why don't they create it. The same Maya allows you to perform a 3D scene in a watercolor style.

Answer 3

This is how many polygons you need to put in a figure so that it looks high quality with any turn / movement? Is this how you need to delve into skeletal animation? And what to do with purely 2D jokes? Emotions, caricature movement, hypertrophied enlarged/reduced parts of the body? No, I think it's easier to sketch out on a piece of paper and let the juniors draw the rest. In terms of characters. And the backgrounds are different, and so they are already created mainly on the PC. Then, perhaps, they are simplified and drawn in the desired style.

Answer 4

In 2d cartoons I periodically see separate objects modeled in 3d - buildings, mechanisms, landscapes. That is, something that has relatively simple forms.
But many other things in 3d are just harder to do.

Answer 5

A lot of amateurs do the same in Adobe Flash. In the same place, some scenes are scripted so as not to animate once again.