What platforms do live streaming services run on?

Question

Video

What platforms do online broadcasting services (streaming services) operate on? Are there any standardized platforms? Maybe I'm asking the question incorrectly, and they may not be called platforms. For example Ustream.
Can, for example, Wowza be considered a platform for streaming services?

Answer 1

This class of systems consists of several elements, where the main one is the media server. In fact, this is a service engine, because. all flows pass through it. There are several options here.
1. You correctly mentioned Vovza - this is the most popular solution. It is quite gluttonous and costs money. There is built-in transcoding, which is a big plus. Many of our clients use it.
2. Adobe - similar, only very expensive. This is the destiny of enterprises, but it is impossible not to mention it.
3. nginx-rtmp-module - entry from the other side, open source module for nginx, very fast. Unfortunately, it has not been supported by the author for six months. People came to us who used it for such tasks, not without success.
4.Flussonic - fast, with a large set of features, developed by a team from Russia.
5. Nimble Streamer - development of our team, also from Russia. Sharpened for high speeds and data volumes. Free, with a good set of features for live streaming. Streamers of live broadcasts are switching to us from nginx (we have richer functionality at the same speed).
If you are going to make your own service, do not be lazy to go through all the options and choose the one that suits you best.

Answer 2

If I'm not mistaken, Ustream and Wowza use the RTMP data transfer protocol.
Such a stream is usually a little more difficult to pull out to listen to in your player, which is why it is used by broadcasters for copyright protection.

Answer 3

We build on-air.pro on Linux servers (servers are dynamically created depending on the loads), we use RTMP, RTSP, WebRTC protocols. Output RTMP for PC, HLS for mobile. The core of the system is libav

Answer 4

It will probably be necroposting, but Simple RTMP Server + ffmpeg, developed by Alibaba, works fine for me.
Free, insanely flexible.
Twitch uses what they say is a self-written ingest server + ffmpeg on edge nodes.