What literature on system programming for linux would you recommend in this case?

Question

linux

I would like to:
1) Understand and understand what happens at each stage of compiling programs
2) Perfectly master such a thing as GNU assembler.
3) Write a compiler for linux
myself What I do now:
1) I write programs in C, compile to assembler code (gcc - S),
2) I analyze what happened
3) What is not clear - I google, I ask questions
4) I try to change something in assembler code and compile via as
What is my problem:
Ignorance of materiel (wrote helloWorld-like programs in TASM for MS DOS)
Lack of literature on GNU assembler for 64-bit architecture
because of this, the following questions arise:
Why assembler code (GNU assembler) compiles ...
Why doesn't the assembler code compile in gcc?

Answer 1

Understand and understand what happens at each stage of compiling programs

Milan Stevanovic - Advanced C and C++ Compiling
Duntemann - Assembly Language Step By Step Programming With Linux
SICP , Cooper & Torczon - Engineering a Compiler and The Dragon Book .