What literature on a DB will advise?

Question

Database design

I often see various arguments in disputes about which database to choose.
And there are various terms like ACID, transactional, replication, sharding. Especially when there are SQL vs noSQL, MySQl vs Mongo holivars.
As a database user, I understand these things and what they are for, but I would like to dig deeper, having answers to such questions:
1. How do transactions actually work inside?
2. How is replication/internal device built?
3. How is the sharding/internal device built?
4. If in the conditions of one DB instance on the server, with transactions everything is more or less easier, then does their behavior/device change and how does it change when using replicas/shards?
5. How much does the implementation of these things differ from database to database?
I would be glad to receive sources for various articles or recommendations of the literature on these issues.

Answer 1

there is no such literature, since the circle is limited, who may need it
if for bases in general, then see the book
if you disassemble how the base is arranged under the hood, then this and this ,
otherwise - only articles and speeches by specialists ,
for example, this comrade is
a good blog at Percona , etc.
the circle is narrow, and digging the problem, over time you will learn all the resources,
but objectively there is no "most" base, it all depends on the task