What is the name of the technology for designing databases with intermediate tables for reporting?

Question

SQL

There is a large database with a huge number of recorded transactions.
There are reports that take a very long time to form (1 - 12 hours) on sufficiently powerful hardware.
In order not to denormalize the main database, the idea came up to create an auxiliary database, which will collect data from the "large" database during periods of downtime, prepare, so to speak, semi-finished products. At the same time, of course, to check on certain grounds - whether there were changes in a certain period, whether it is necessary to recalculate, etc.
Are there specific guidelines/studies for designing such systems? The name of such architectures? Standard solutions?

Answer 1

As far as I remember, these are OLTP, Data Mining and hypercubes.