What is the best way to plan architecture?

Question

Database design

Good day everyone.
Interested in the most correct way to store data to implement the nested category filter.
For example, we are interested in such a structure
Brand-> model-> year-> engine
size Vaz-> 2109-> 1999-> 1300
How to most correctly design the base and subsequently make a selection according to real values?
Thanks in advance for the replies and links.

Answer 1

normal form

Answer 2

vendor <-> model is essentially a pointer to a specific car that can have modifications such as a body, engine, etc. Further, specific cars may change from year to year.
as an option, it can be divided like this
T1: auto_id, vendor, model
T2: modification_id, name
T3: auto_id, modification_id, value