What is the best way to organize data structure in a database?

Question

SQL

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following data should be saved with the patient's tests:

1. datetime
   
2. PatientId
   
3. Erytr
   
4. Tromb
   
5. Leyk
   
6. Hb ...... etc.
   

What is the best way to organize the table structure? where the fields will be, as indicated above, or like this ...?
one)

1. Id (=AnalyzId)
   
2. PatientId
   
3. datetime
   

2)

1. AnalizId
   
2. ParameterId
   
3. value
   

And how will this affect performance and what are the benefits of each type?

Answer 1

Can you describe in simple words what you need to store? As I understand it, you have a patient, and his data, and there are tests? Like erythrocytes, ROE, and all that? the question is what? how to store tests for patients? What do your tests look like? 1 record with all analyses, or each analysis has its own record? (how do you get the data, or will someone enter them)? How are they going to use this data? What fields do you want to search? The answer to your question depends on the answers to my questions :). And now, I advise you to read: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_normalization

Answer 2

The first option is suitable if the analysis is always with the same set of indicators. The second option, respectively, allows you to record analyzes with different sets of indicators. It is somewhat more difficult to write, but more flexible.