What is the best way to organize a product database?

Question

Database design

There is a catalog of 600 products, products are divided into groups. The question is, to make a lot of plates for each group of goods or to write down 600 types of goods in one table?

Answer 1

Certainly in one table.
Remember - homogeneous data should never be scattered into several plates (with the exception of sharding / partitioning, but you are still far from this topic). If you need to "colorize" data by groups, types, purpose, etc. way - this is done with the help of data attributes in the table, not by dividing the data into several tables.