What is the architecture of files?

Question

Data processing

I ask the pros to advise links about working with different file formats. (.doc, .zip, .exe, .max and so on)
In addition to any tinsel, the search does not give me anything.
I want something like:
1. There is *format*, and it has such and such *architecture*
2. And there is also *format*, and it has such and such *architecture*
3. And there is also *format* , and it has such and such *architecture*
...
4. In general, files *architecture* can be built *like this*, *like this* and *like this*.
Most interested in general information, as in line 4

Answer 1

I will paraphrase

1. There is a *story*, he has such and such a *plot*
2. And there is also a *story*, and he has such a *plot*

How many stories, so many plots. You won't know until you read it.
So with the files, until you get acquainted with the specification, you will not know.