What are programming paradigms?

Question

Programming

How do you understand the word "paradigm" in programming? Please explain clearly

Answer 1

Paradigm - a set of fundamental scientific attitudes, ideas and terms, accepted and shared by the scientific community and uniting most of its members. Ensures the continuity of the development of science and scientific creativity.
A programming paradigm is a set of ideas and concepts that define the style of writing computer programs. It is a way of conceptualizing that defines the organization of computation and the structuring of the work performed by a computer.
Personally, I like the definition of "programming style as a description of the programmer's intentions".

Answer 2

In a nutshell, this is a set of basic principles (math. models, for example) on which a programming language works. Three paradigms are now most widely used: imperative, functional, and logical.
The imperative is based on mat. Turing machine models. The peculiarity of this paradigm is that the programmer clearly, step by step, describes the changes in the state of the program (algorithm), which the computer exactly executes. Within this paradigm, the procedural style (C language) and the object-oriented style (Smalltalk language as a prominent representative) are widely used.
The functional paradigm is based on the mat. Church's lambda calculus models. In it, programs are the calculation of functions precisely in their mathematical concept. Here (ideally) there is no global state of the program and nothing should depend on it. Functions should not have side effects (pure), and they try to make data immutable. The brightest representative is Haskell.
Logic programming is based on Math. models of first-order predicate logic. Within this paradigm, you do not describe to the computer an algorithm for solving the problem, but you specify a set of facts, describe the inference rules, and input data, after which, based on this information, the computer issues an answer. Solution algorithm ... nafig not needed. Joke. As an option, a decision tree is built, in which an answer is sought that matches the set of facts and given conditions. A bright representative is the Prolog language.
In general, there is a good chapter on the topic of paradigms in the book by Soshnikov D.V. "Logic programming paradigm"

Answer 3

A set of programming models. Recommendations for the creation of software.