Selecting devices in the Smart Home. How to arrange light control and which dimmer to choose?

Question

Electronics

And so he came - repairs in the apartment, and in the place with him and the desire to apply the missing skills and do everything "smartly". There is no repair experience, but this is not bubble sorting - we'll figure it out. But a lot of programming experience and a little more - blinking LEDs on the raspberry pi.
The current state of the apartment can be considered as "concrete walls", which means that you can lay all the Wishlist in advance.
After a general study of the topic, general requirements were formed.
1) If possible, use inexpensive components (now it is possible to lay wires anywhere)
2) It is planned to use as a central system - raspberry pi with something like openhub or raspberry analogues and use it as a control center.
3) The system must be resistant to failure of the system nodes and retain basic functions. Those. when some components of a smart home fail (so far, the most fears are for the rasbperry pi itself) - you need to be able to at least just turn on / off at least the central light with some kind of switch, perhaps just a duplicate one.
4) Complementing point 3 - In addition to electronic controls, there should be familiar "mechanical" ones that you can intuitively understand.
If we consider only the bedroom for now, then there are already spotlights and 3 nightlights and an LED strip.
An ideal dimmer should make it possible to connect a regular keyboard (return) switch to it (in any form, as long as it is connected and controls the dimmer directly, and not through the "center") and it must also be controlled by signals (in any form, but better with wires) with raspberry pi. Fibaro Dimmer 2
is right away from the category of smart devices , but the cost of almost $ 100 does not look like a very budget option, but it also has inputs for control from a button and any integration with a smart home. I would like to find a similar device, only cheaper (without z-wave, you only need control from the buttons).

Answer 1

Also asked a similar question.
I stretched all the wires directly to the shield and plan to turn them off there through the arduino / rpi relay.
I'm still waiting for relays from China.

Answer 2

It would be nice to put all this on a certain protocol so that it would not be necessary to pull a separate cable for each switch and light bulb. There are for example EIB (European) or LON (American) which are used in automation. For the home, I don’t really understand, they are still expensive for home use.
In principle, I want to say that the correct protocol will close a lot of your desires. The same EIB will be able to close points 1,3,4.

Answer 3

Guys, do not use the relay to turn on / off the socket with the TV, this is debilizm, not a smart home. To bungle a stray with an IR diode, which will represent the TV remote control and be controlled centrally - this is a smart home. An exaggerated example.
I recommend laying a twisted-pair cable of 8 cores everywhere, "as for the Internet." A through channel through all rooms, no need to block the "star". This will be a shared bus. RS485 + power + Ethernet can be arranged on the remaining 4 wires if necessary.
And then thoughtfully invent \ saw \ buy all sorts of junk on alik and connect to a common bus.

Answer 4

A floor lamp, a night lamp, and everything else similar can be controlled using a smart outlet. The lighting itself in the house is best organized using wi-fi switches, such as these. Well, of course, this is provided that you have already moved and the new place already has a ready repair)