PostgreSQL: Why are Russian characters written as url-encoded utf?

Question

PostgreSQL

At first we had a base on MySQL. The following code worked there:

DB::insert('insert into '.config('exchange_rate.table_name', 'exchange_rate').' values (NOW(), ?)', [ json_encode($exchangeRateArray) ]);

As a result, uncoded Russian text got into the table.
We changed the DBMS to PostgreSQL and the Russian text began to enter the table encoded. In the DBMS connection settings, the default encoding is UTF8, the sorting rule and the type category are ru_RU.UTF-8.
What needs to be corrected or what to google (somehow my requests look sparse)?

Answer 1

Melkij replied.