Is there an algorithm to test scheduling theory?

Question

Algorithms

Good time of the day. My question may seem too abstract, but still I will try to describe the problem.
I am doing scheduling theory and looking for a suitable algorithm or problem to test the method.
The requirements are:
there are some data sets that we want to process;
processing consists of stages;
the sequence of steps may vary;
for different data (different types or different sizes of the same type or something like that) a different sequence of steps is preferable.
Something like that. I really hope for help.

Answer 1

Sounds like a good challenge to apply artificial intelligence algorithms. For example, breadth-first search, depth-first search, A* algorithm, and others. See for example.

Answer 2

Your wording is very similar to Job-shop scheduling problem