Is there an algorithm for finding a path between two points?

Question

Mathematics

There are 2 points on the plane.
I need to build the minimum path between these points avoiding obstacles.
The obstacles themselves are represented as quadrilaterals and other paths.
Is there something similar?
To make it clearer - imagine a printed circuit board, and the tracks routed on it.

Answer 1

Good afternoon.
Algorithm A
Dijkstra's Algorithm

Answer 2

the wave algorithm should work very well for the PCB analogy.
There are several examples of usage on Habré.
https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lee_algorithm

Answer 3

I think or artificial intelligence should be used here