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How to understand the proof of Euclid's lemma?
If a prime number p enters as a factor in the product ab, then it certainly enters as a factor either in a or in b. Indeed, if p were not a factor in either a or b, then by multiplying the factorizations into prime factors of the numbers a and b, we would obtain a factorization into prime factors of the number ab, which does not contain the factor p.
On the other hand , because it is assumed that p is a factor in the product ab, then this means that there is an integer t such that
ab = pt.
Therefore, multiplying p and the prime factorization of t, we obtain a prime factorization of ab containing the factor p.
Thus, we have to admit that there are two different factorizations of the number ab, and this contradicts the main theorem.
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