How to understand matrices in Python?

Question

Python

Output an n×n table filled with numbers from 1 to n2 (square) in a spiral starting from the upper left corner and twisting clockwise, as shown in the example (here n=5):
1 2 3 4 5
16 17 18 19 6
15 24 25 20 7
14 23 22 21 8
13 12 11 10 9
On the second day I gave up and found a solution on the Internet, but I didn’t understand anything, here is the code itself:

n = int(input())
i, j = 0, -1
max_j, max_i = n - 1, n - 1
min_j, min_i = 0, 1
count = 1
mtrx = [[0 for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)]
while True:
    
    while j < max_j:
        j += 1
        mtrx[i][j] = count
        count += 1
    max_j -= 1
    while i < max_i:
        i += 1
        mtrx[i][j] = count
        count += 1
    max_i -= 1
    while j > min_j:
        j -= 1
        mtrx[i][j] = count
        count += 1
    min_j += 1
    while i > min_i:
        i -= 1
        mtrx[i][j] = count
        count += 1
    min_i += 1
    
    if j == (n - 1) // 2 and i == n // 2:
        break
    
print()
print()
for i in range(n):
    for j in range(n):
        print(mtrx[i][j], end = ' ')
    print()

Please explain the "essence" of matrices in Python

Answer 1

There are no matrices in python, there are matrices in mathematics
In python, for example, lists are used to work with them - as in your code Here, a list is initialized that stores a matrix in itself - a list with nested lists inside In special packages like Numpy and others, there may be more sharpened sub matrices and operations with them structures