How to replenish the dictionary for category auto-detection?

Question

Sphinx

The essence of the task is as follows, there is a site and it has many categories, you need to make sure that when loading a product with a description, based on it, the site automatically selects and substitutes the desired category for it.
To do this, I decided to use Sphinx and for this I made a separate table in which I started 3 fields (ID, BODY, SECTION_ID) in BODY the text is stored, and in SECTION_ID a link to the category.
Initially, I compiled a database based on the descriptions of existing products, but it so happened that the site is new and there are a lot of products in only 5 categories out of 60. As a result, I got that auto-detection gives out more often those categories in which there are most products.
As a result, I decided that indexing the text of goods is not particularly suitable and I need to somehow fill the dictionary of categories.
The category is called "Stamps -> Russian -> Russian Empire (1857-1917)". Are there any options to automatically populate a category dictionary with only such a name? And I will be glad if someone tells you the optimal Sphinx setting for this kind of search (Search query can be more than 1000 characters long)

Answer 1

Such things are done based on the characteristics of the product i.e. "Stamps" - type of goods, Russian - country, Russian Empire (1857-1917) - date.
so that this does not happen, set the weight of the categories more than that of the products, I won’t tell you how it is implemented in Sphinx, I can only show you on abstract examples of such a morpho search.