How to properly organize error handling logic?

Question

JavaScript

Hello.
There is a SPA on vue.js.
There is a wrapper for API calls. For some error codes, the reaction should always be unambiguous (just displaying a message with the error text), for other codes there should be an individual reaction depending on ...
I want the error message to show the wrapper, and if the error requires individual processing, then not would do nothing.
All communication with the API is based on promises.
Elementary example:

this.$apiImpl.users.index()
.then(response => {
  //....
})
.catch(error => {
  //....
})
.finally(() => {
  //....
})

inside $api.index() happens

axios.get(...)
.catch(error => {
  if (!...)  return Promise.reject(error); // если ошибка обрабатывается индивидуально

  // делаем все, что нужно (показываем сообщение)
  return Promise.reject('error_handled')
})

in this approach wildly do not like the fact that in any catch'e, you have to check, if ('error_handled' === error) return;
Is there any beautiful way to solve this?
It is possible to return an unresolved promise from wrapper, then execution will not get into catch at all (permissible), but then finally will not work either (unacceptable).
Thank you.