How to programmatically update a product attribute?

Question

WordPress

Unable to update product attribute normally. Tried a lot of options, it doesn't work.

$product = new WC_Product_Simple(39587);
    $attribute = new WC_Product_Attribute();
    $attribute->set_id(0);
    $attribute->set_name("pa_size");
    $attribute->set_options([1689]); //id атрибута
    $attribute->set_position(0);
    $attribute->set_visible(1);
    $attribute->set_variation(0);
    $attributes["pa_size"] = $attribute;

    $product->set_attributes($attributes);

After running the script, I get:


If you click the save button, everything is normal, but I need to do it from the plugin.

Expect: