How to organize git versioning?

Question

git

I noticed libraries, when installing which you need to specify the version, for example:
https://github.com/cebe/markdown
Pay attention to:
composer require cebe/markdown "~1.0.1"
Earlier I thought that 1 version = 1 branch. However, if you look at the branches that this library has, you can see that there is no 1.0 branch.
Please tell me how to implement such a versioning using git for easy installation via composer?

Answer 1

it's called TAGS. info in google sea
UPD. I will add that there are VERY many more useful things in the git, so do not be too lazy to spend 5 hours reading off-line documentation - very easy to read