How to make a sector-by-sector copy of Android?

Question

linux

Good afternoon.
There is LineageOS and TWRP on Asus smartphone.
How can I make a sector-by-sector backup? And how to restore it later?
It's just that / data is encrypted and TWRP does not allow the partition to be opened (the copy is made by files, not by sector).
There is an option with ADB, but in all the instructions it says that you need to have a ROOT. I tried without ROOT and everything works, but how to restore the question ... and whether it will turn into a brick after sector-by-sector recovery.
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And the second question: how to open an encrypted partition (sector-by-sector copied) in ubuntu? In the same place not dm-crypt (sort of).

Answer 1

Through dd flash, copy partitions to a USB flash drive, for twrp through adb root by default