How to learn to solve algorithmic problems and accustom yourself to algorithmic thinking?

Question

Programming

Hello ! The situation at the moment I have is this: I know the tools for solving the problem and even know how the task should work. But when it comes to programming. Sometimes I don’t know what and how to write so that everything is done. Although I repeat once again

I know the tools and I know how the program should work

And this is very unpleasant inside.
I want to correct this nuance in myself once and for all and for this I have prepared a number of questions:
How to learn algorithmic thinking?
What books should you read on this subject?
What courses/practices are better to use for this?
And when you first started programming, did you encounter this?