How to develop web-projects using the example of a news site or an online store?

Question

Software design

Hello! Please help me understand the following things...
We are talking about the development of web-projects on the example of news sites and online stores in php. The fact is that I do not understand what stages the development goes through. How to approach the right approach to the creation of such sites .... I'm interested in:
- How to properly work out the structural tree of folders and files on the site and how, looking at this structure (if at all one depends on the other), it is correct to make the database architecture (maybe Can anyone suggest a tutorial?
The principle of building a database is not clear:
- What to pay attention to when starting this case ... Maybe there is some kind of methodology for building a database step by step? How to learn it?
And if you choose what technology it will be built with, what to choose: Framework or CMS? And how, in connection with the choice, to build the same file structure (if at all necessary) and architecture (if necessary, I don’t know) CMS is convenient because you can add and edit data from the admin panel.

Answer 1

For news, you take on a project based on Dzhangi (it was developed just for news sites) and see how they do what they do inside.