How to determine the phone number on the computer?

Question

WPF

Hello dear. Your help is required in a question that has matured in my head recently.
I apologize if this seems silly, the topic is incorrect, etc. aspects, since this is my first question. Let's just say I haven't gotten used to it yet. I promise I'll fix it.
Specifics of the question:
I want to learn how to determine the number of a person who calls my landline phone.
The language in which I would like to try to do this is C#.
This raises a number of questions:

1. How to get the phone number of an incoming call?
   
2. What extra. do you need equipment for this?
   
3. How costly could this be?
   
4. Will C# help me with this or do I need to learn something else?
   

I know, Google to the rescue, youngster, go read various forums, etc.
Found information on this topic. It talks about what you need to have extra. equipment (modem) and availability of third-party software.
Focusing on experience with the same barcode scanners:

1. Connected by usb
   
2. scanned
   
3. We get a string in the Textbox
   

And how in this case to get a phone number? Or similar?

Answer 1

If you are just interested in seeing the number of the caller, then a computer and programming are not needed at all. You still need to buy something. So you can buy caller ID or a phone with caller ID. I think the costs are comparable. And the programmer's efforts should be directed to something else.
Another thing is if you definitely need to enter this number into a computer, save it in the database, and keep some kind of statistics. But this case has already been discussed here.
I recommend to google about automatic number detection in general, regardless of computers. I remember there are some different standards, what is now used on the PBX, and which AONs (modems, telephones) will be compatible - it's not a sin to check before buying anything.

Answer 2

Google operator overloading.

Answer 3

Reads the first 6 bytes from the file into header.signature.
See the C++ tutorial for how to do this (it's not enough just to state "incomprehensible moment").