How to control mains voltage with Arduino?

Question

Arduino

The task is this: at the signal of the PIR motion sensor, smoothly turn on the lighting (in order to extend the life of incandescent lamps, and generally save electricity). I know that with PWM you can control voltage from 0 to 5 volts, but how to control large voltages (220 volts)? And in general, are there such (or similar) projects already implemented? Comrades, write answers, share links to resources, share ideas - any help is needed. Thank you.

Answer 1

You can take a bunch and control 220V 16A based on: moc3063 and bt139

Answer 2

You are trying to pile on 19th century and 21st century technology. This would be funny if it did not demonstrate your terrible ignorance.
I explain in detail. To save energy, change Ilyich's light bulbs to LED lamps. Thus, without any perverted technical tricks, you will save 80% of electricity and increase the life of the lamps by at least 3 times.
PS PWM trimmer with modern lamps will either not work or it will kill them. Basically, they don't need him.

Answer 3

Look here - arduino.ru/forum/apparatnye-voprosy/ne-fazovyi-reg...
The phrase for Google is "arduino pwm 220 ac".
Or as a simpler option - a standard PIR sensor + relay + lamp soft start module (without arduino).
Everything is ready, just connect.

Answer 4

Triac / Thyristor and control its firing angle + zero detector.
Look. It will look something like this https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-YyuncOGa1U

Answer 5

Buy a "soft starter" for a chain saw, circular saw, or electric drill at the hardware store.

Answer 6

Can a solid state relay with detection 0 be used

Answer 7

If for incandescent lamps - add a rectifier and smoothing capacitors to Alexei's circuit - the lamp life will pleasantly surprise you. Only I'm afraid to imagine how many lamps can be bought for an amount equivalent to the cost of such a project.