How to compose a MySQL query?

Question

MySQL

Good day everyone! I'm new to MySQL and have a question.
Suppose I have a base with vegetables (vegetables), they go through supply cities.
For example:
Potato goes this way - Minsk -> Moscow -> Perm -> Tyumen.
I'm looking for what vegetables pass the way Moscow and Tyumen , Potatoes should be shown to me .
The database has: the beginning of the path - Moscow and the end of the path - Tyumen, the segment - Moscow and Perm are intermediate points (they may not be).
There is also a back (field name) enum value of 1 or 0, 1 - means that the vegetable can be sent back, 0 - cannot.
That is, if I look for Perm -> Moscow, then the potatoes will still seem, as if in the opposite direction. If it would be back = 0 then no.
There may be similar combinations in which potatoes will be found:

Start - Moscow, end - Perm,
Start - Minsk, end - Tyumen,
Start - Tyumen, end - Minsk (if back == 1)

How to build a database search query?
Fields:

start - start of path type varchar(64)
end - end of path varchar(64)
gap - intermediate points in path, type: blob stored array serilize

Many thanks to those who write at least part of the request, or provide some example.

Answer 1

Few inputs in the SQL storage part.
If, for example, you organize your structure as a list of tables (id - primary keys):
vegetables(id, name) vegetables. Entries in the table:(1, 'potato')
points(id, name) transportation points. Entries in the table: (1, 'Minsk'), (2, 'Moscow'), (3, 'Perm'), (4, 'Tyumen')
deliveries(vegetable, route, name). Entries in the table: (1, 1, 'Supply of potatoes from Belarus N 120'). The fields have foreign keys on vegetables and routes
routes (id, StartPoint, StopPoint). Entries in the table: (1, 1, 4). The fields have foreign keys on points
pathes(route,fromPoint, toPoint). Entries in the table: (1,1,2) , (1,2,3) (1,3,4). The fields have foreign keys on points and routes.

select  distinct vegetables.name 
  from vegetables, deliveries, routes, pathes
  where 
    deliveries.vegetable = vegetables.id and
    routes.id=deliveries.route and
    pathes.route=deliveries.route and
   exists (
      select * from pathes, points 
         where pathes.route=route.id and 
            from pathes.fromPoint=points.id and points.Name='Москва') and
   exists (
      select * from pathes, points 
         where pathes.route=route.id and 
            from pathes.toPoint=points.id and points.Name='Тюмень')

will give vegetables that have a supply that runs through 2 specified cities.
PS Naturally, additional fields are added (the presence of a reverse route, etc.). I just wanted to show (as an example) - the organization of data sampling and their storage.