How to choose the right algorithm to encrypt a string with openssl?

Question

OpenSSL

There are many algorithms available when encrypting a string via openssl.
What are relevant in 2018 for encryption sensitive date in config files or what to pay attention to?
I read somewhere that cbc is good now (for example, aes-256-cbc or des-ede3-cbc), but how to understand why in order to justify the choice of algorithm at the start of the project (it will be more difficult to change later).
Also, on different platforms, openssl has a different set of algorithms, I didn’t really understand what this is connected with (with the openssl version?).
I would like to choose an algorithm available on most current linux / unix / win

Answer 1

about the algorithms answered.
I will give a couple of links to cipher modes:
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1220751/how-to...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block_cipher_mode_of...