How is data transferred using the HTTP/TCP/IP/Wi-Fi protocol stack as an example?

Question

Computer networks

Hello, I am studying computer networks, at the moment the TCP / IP protocol stack.
Before that, I searched on the Internet and in books, but I didn’t find something, so I’m writing here.
I would like to find (or maybe someone will explain) somewhere such or a similar example that would show how a packet is formed and transmitted from one computer to another using a specific set of protocols, for example, HTTP / TCP / IP / Wi-Fi i I think very commonly used.
I understand that in order to describe the formation of a packet and its transmission with all the details, it will take a very, very long text. But it would be enough for me to understand this at least in general terms, for example, here's how I, after reading a little about computer networks, assume how data will be transferred using these protocols, using the example of opening a page in a browser.
1. Launching the browser and entering the domain name of a site in the address bar, the browser generates an HTTP request or message according to the HTTP protocol rule (what exactly is there, it doesn’t matter to me yet, you can read it in the implementation of the protocol itself).
2. Next, this message (only my guesses start from here) is transmitted through the socket interface that the operating system provides to the browser (or what does it do? and how is it transmitted?) to the transport level in which the message is converted into a segment (what converts the message into a segment? ) over the TCP protocol.
3. (Again, it is not known how and where this layer is located) the segment is transmitted to the network layer, which converts it into an IP packet generated using the IP protocol.
4. The IP packet is already transmitted (I don’t know how) to the link layer (is it a wifi module or what?), which converts it into a frame according to the protocol at this Wi-Fi level, and transmits it over the communication channel, in this case, via radio, for example , to the router, it receives the frame, converts it into an IP packet (I'm not at all sure about this), decides which host, most likely it will be the next router, transmit data and converts it again into a frame, and passes it to it.
The next router, in turn, again converts the frame into an IP packet, decides where to send it, and so on to the server to which this packet was assigned at the address and which stores the web page.
There, the frame is transformed to the message, passing the same levels only from the bottom up. Understands which page to send from the message and then the sending is repeated, only this time from the server. After receiving, the browser already displays the desired page.
Thank you if at least someone has read a lot of text, and I will be glad if someone answers at least 1-2 questions or tells me where I misunderstood at all.

Answer 1

A series of articles "Networks for the smallest" on Habrahabr.ru
Despite the name - very serious articles.

Answer 2

Oliferov in hand - and read. Or google. This has already been written and rewritten a hundred thousand million times. In general, the thoughts are correct, the data is transmitted from bottom to top and from top to bottom. But just processing an HTTP request is not entirely convenient, because DNS is also mixed in here, and if this is the first request from the browser, then ARP too :)

Answer 3

using a specific set of protocols, such as HTTP/TCP/IP/Wi-Fi

Stoooop. You've mixed the protocols of different levels and even the transmission medium! Start with the OSI Model
In general, your guesses are correct.

Answer 4

I finally dotted this video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PsLzEAsphbM
But for each person there will be a set of material, in general, the scheme is simple, feed your neural network with more material and at some point it will learn, you shouldn’t particularly find fault, just trust your instinct if you don’t like it, change it and read others if you stumble again there’s nothing to worry about.

Answer 5

Google IP datagram and look at the pictures + read what's next

Answer 6

You can't explain it in one answer. There was an article on Habré + comments. More details in SDSM or specialized literature . At your level, Tanenbaum's "Computer Networks" would be a better fit.

Answer 7

Cisco courses are the best way to get familiar with networking and protocols.
Here