How does the text parameter in a URL work?

Question

Web development

Greetings.
Stumbled upon when switching from a Google search to a Wikipedia page. There is a "parameter" in her address or I don't know what to call it. This option highlights text on the page. Tell me something, where to read about it, preferably in Russian, and are there any interesting studies on the use of this and other cool parameters (for example, how does Google form such links - itself or Wikipedia itself slips them somehow) ?
And here is an example .

Answer 1

If this:
Google will automatically open the text on the site...
then:

The transition to the searched text will be carried out only in those cases when the search engine will be able to determine its exact location on the page. It is noted that website owners do not need to make any changes in order to receive support for this feature .

Answer 2

How does the text parameter in a URL work?

Well, how ... only in chrome and it works. From W3C there is only a draft .
There is a good description in human language.