How does buffer in node.js translate the '#' character?

Question

Node.js

Hello!

let buff = Buffer.from('A');

console.log('A'.charCodeAt( 0 )); // 65
console.log(buff); // <Buffer 41>
console.log(buff.length); // 1

In this case, everything seems to be clear, we create a buffer, we pass the letter "A" into it, its code from the encoding table is 65, in the hexadecimal number system it turns out 41 (as far as I know, 16tyric s.s. is used for display), well, when transferring this letter "A", let's say when reading a file or writing, in fact, a code is transmitted in binary s.s., which (if the converter does not change me) is equal to " 1000001 ".
Question 1 : Have I correctly described what is happening above?
Question 2 : 41 is the binary representation of a byte (sorry for the clumsy interpretation), which is supposed to be 8 bits right? Those. if 41(16tyric.) === 1000001(2ch.) , then there are not enough bits, and they are appended to the beginning, i.e. when transmitted, it will be 01000001, i.e. +1 zero (0) at the beginning ?

let buff = Buffer.from('№');
console.log('№'.charCodeAt( 0 )); // 8470
console.log(buff); // <Buffer e2 84 96>
console.log(buff.length); // 3

It's generally dark here, how are these "octets" filled in, are they counted separately? Those. If you translate it manually, it will look like this ?. . .
e2(16тирич.) === 11100010
84(16тирич.) === 10000100
96(16тирич.) === 10010110
Or not? Please either explain what my mistakes are, or where I am still right, or answer questions with explanations, because faced such a problem that everyone explains everywhere that there are bytes in the buffer, and they store character codes, and give a couple of thawed examples with some string "hello", that they say that each byte is a binary representation of a letter, mu, but how is it no one mentions the translation, or I just didn’t find it, for the first time in my life I would even be pleased with a quality link to an article in which this ins and outs would be painted, because I don't even know what to look for, what is the name of this translation process in the context of an object buffer! Thank you!

Answer 1

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8