How do marketplaces work in Russia?

Question

Payment systems

It is interesting to know how Russian tax legislation regulates the operation of marketplaces like UpWork (if such were located in Russia). If the contractor works exclusively with this site, is there a situation where the tax authorities can regard the contractor as a full-time employee who simply is not properly formalized.

Answer 1

I am also studying the topic of cash flows for the marketplace
There are such options in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation
In practice, the Russian Federation has seen an agency agreement with some marketplaces. If the performers of legal entities
are on the simplified tax system, then everything is simple, except if they have a DOS, then they will need an invoice for VAT .
there may be an obligation to pay 13% personal income tax for physicists. Banks have raised tariffs and tightened control if a transfer is made to an individual from an account of a legal entity to a bank.
There are options to send through payments to cards, for example, but these are additional costs and maybe for some time no one will touch you. because according to your bank, the money will go to the legal entity of the payment, at first it will be unlikely to check where they go
Although, on the other hand, there are probably still commission stores that certainly do not pay personal income tax when they take goods for sale from physicists.
I found a legal explanation on personal income tax as follows: The source of income for an individual will be another person (customer), and not your company, and therefore your company should not withhold personal income tax, but not all tax inspectors may think the same way, it is better to
check with tax lawyers
RF is a convenient solution for individuals, this is a secure transaction from Yandex cash desk, https://kassa.yandex.ru/secure-deal
She will transfer money to the artist’s card herself, and only the marketplace commission will come to your account.
The commission seemed to be about 3-4%, but they also require a deposit of 200,000 rubles before starting work, in case there is a chargeback to cover expenses.
Although later the manager said that it seems that it can be reduced to 50,000 rubles, but coordination and risk assessment are needed. And the cards of the performers seem to be only from the Russian Federation.
The Yula ad service (mail ru) has launched a secure transaction service with payment with a card online, through a subsidiary of NPO money mail.
Perhaps moneymailers make secure transactions for other companies
as well. Affiliates make payments to individuals to webmasters through https://www.solar-staff.com/rates
They act as contractors, and then using a legal entity in another country they pay money to webmasters, personal income tax is then required to pay individuals themselves. They take a lot of 6-12%
Freelance marketplace Quark.ru, judging by the offer, works through a legal entity in Hong Kong. You can read the offers of other similar services, and you will see there.
You also need to remember that if you accept card payments for all contractors on your LLC, you will face chargeback risks and fines.
For example, your marketplace has a small commission of 10%.
A fraudulent performer can register on your site, order a service from a stolen credit card, confirm the work and withdraw 90% of the money from the site. Then a chargeback comes to you from the owner of the card, you get the full amount of the order + a fine for the chargeback.
How to avoid it?
For example, Etsy in countries where their payment system does not work, buyers pay directly to the seller's paypal account.
Etsy itself bills artists monthly for their services and gets paid later.
Paypal is convenient here because:
I see the second option with paypal much more convenient at the initial stage + it allows you to work internationally.
And then you can open a legal entity somewhere in Europe.
And only then launch all payments through the company and a secure transaction
. What kind of marketplace are you thinking of?
Freelance, goods, services?

Answer 2

arises
and arises in the USA,
therefore, read the agreements on fl.ru, the dispensation is roughly explained there