How do affiliate systems work?

Question

Yandex

I’ll note right away that I’m not going to invent another network and I’m not going to look for some loopholes where you can somehow harm systems such as google adsense, yandex direct, etc.
I had a need to implement, for a network of my sites, a rhyme of clicks. That is, there is a link, according to the transition to which the transitions themselves are counted.
How it works:
There is a website site.com, it has a link to the counter script - site1.com/?p=1, after the transition, information is transferred to the database: the user's ip, information about the browser, the site from which the transition was made and the partner number ( ?p=1). Next, a redirect to site2.com is performed. If this is a non-unique person, then a redirect is simply made back.
Now about the problems:
Using a regular proxy, you can fool the system.
How does the same Liveinternet statistics work in general?
I am sure there is a simple and 100% way to protect against such moments. I am interested in your thoughts, any in terms of what holes may arise in the future and what is worth considering. Thanks in advance to everyone who at least somehow builds a dialogue in this thread)

Answer 1

Using a regular proxy, you can fool the system.

It's not really that simple:

1. 99% of all open proxies fall into the MaxMind type databases and are easily identified by them.
   
2. The mere fact of a click is not enough to "count" the sailor. The receiving site may have a user activity analyzer. It's easy to fool one script that counts clicks. It is much more difficult to deceive a complex system for analyzing user activity.
   
3. The receiving platform can count the conversion and inform the affiliate about this if the conversion falls on a certain traffic class (for this, a special heuristic classifier is used). The affiliate program, having compared the traffic with the source, will immediately ban the cheater.