File data, program labels. This is real?

Question

metadata

I can take a digital photograph and, based on the EXIF ​​data, analyze the owner of the file, and find out the camera used when shooting. If the data is not cleared.
So, for example, creating a JS file or any other, for example, in WebShtorm. The program also leaves its marks, and these marks can be used to analyze information about the file. You can find out the owner of the license from the software in which the file was created, possibly GPS data.
Is it all real? How can you see it? Or is it all nonsense and programs do not leave any marks on files?

Answer 1

Leave for some, don't leave for others.