Development in electronics/circuitry. Is there an analogue of the orientation scheme in programming?

Question

Electronics

A few years ago I became interested in programming, but I did not know where to go. So, in response to my requests to the universe, I found this picture.

Later, when profile courses started at the university, I wanted to understand how everything is arranged in the field of electronics / circuitry, that is, hardware.
But I couldn't find a guide for programming languages. However, the issue is still relevant today.
Enlighten who owns such extensive information. It can be presented in such a form as if a teenager who knows nothing became interested in electronics. That is, in the form of a tree:
1. Learn to solder
2. Then realize the laws of electronics and physics
3. etc.
PS Then I would like to make the same picchu.

Answer 1

1. Master the basic course of electrical engineering in order to understand where, how and when currents flow
2. Master the basic course on passive and active radio elements
3. Choose a direction: digital or analog technology.
4. If analog, then we learn how to make radios, amplifiers, etc.
If digital - we go through the basic course of digital circuitry.
In parallel with step 4, we learn to solder and study normal software for designing circuits and printed circuit boards (P-CAD, Altium designer, Eagle)
I don’t like the advice to immediately take an arduino, because without the basic consciousness of analog and digital circuitry, it’s difficult to attach something more interesting to it than a pair of LEDs. You must at least understand what is the difference between a bipolar and a field-effect transistor, how to use them, and what is dangerous for a relay transistor and inductive loads in general.
Moreover, I personally allow the assembly of a product from an arduino and a bunch of modules in only one case: this is a layout. On this layout, I will work out the software and hardware, then I will develop my own printed circuit board and, based on the layout, I will assemble a beautiful and workable product. And the layout will be disassembled. Not getting out of the arduino with a couple of modules and noodles from cables is like designing machines from a children's designer. It is possible, but the value is low.

Answer 2

There is no tree. There are tasks that are needed to make money (starting from small hacks like soldering usb to a friend for a nickel of pieces; or means of production and comfortable work for oneself and to achieve other personal goals), and which one simply wants to solve because it is interesting (such as Condera explode). Depending on the specific task, they choose equipment, books, tutorials, specific actions, and other tools.
And your version with a comprehensive tree (and not even a tree, but a list - you yourself do not make a tree, as in the picture, but a list) is fundamentally wrong, which is why it turns out crap, like your "learn to solder".
What to solder? You can solder conduits in power supplies or "master kits", you can solder processors on tablet motherboards, you can solder leaky buckets, you can solder pipes in the refrigerator, and someone, perhaps, can solder something to power lines under voltage. And you can only replace the connector in the same tablet, and not the processor.
And the laws of physics, obviously, for all this you need to understand the basics. Well, yes, soldering without understanding those. process is useless, therefore, putting it in a separate item like "sit soldering and don't even dare to think, otherwise what law of physics you will discover for yourself" is generally absurd, you don’t need to solder anything without need.

Answer 3

Of course you can: amperka.ru/collection/kits

Answer 4

There is a cool book Wojciechowski's Radioelectronic Toys. Learn it to get started. Then everything will become clearer.