Backend, how to transfer a website to a laptop?

Question

MySQL

Good day, gentlemen, users. I am an inexperienced person, so let's skip the preface and get straight to the point.
There is a site on cms - wordpress, the site itself is hosted by timeweb. Hosting - I pay. I connect via ftp via total commander (hereinafter referred to as tc) to the hosting, download my website (blog) to my laptop and, accordingly, further dig into what I downloaded and directly fix it, edit it in my own way and then send it with file replacement back through tc to the hosting, and the site, of course, is transformed. I am armed with knowledge of html, css, a bit of js, and something like I understand php, although I probably exaggerated with php. Dear experts, attention questions.
1) What I'm doing is frontend?
2) If so, how does the backend work?
3)Where is the information that I post on the site sent to? It is on the site, but it is not found anywhere in the html and css code that I downloaded. I understand it goes to the database?
4) If yes, and I want to continue to make my laptop - hosting my site, what next steps should I take? What to teach, where to dig, what to pull up?
Please, I beg you for more details. Thank you.

Answer 1

first and foremost - hosting on your own machine is 99% unprofitable, both for reasons of accessibility from the outside, and for the consumption of resources (the same electricity), I am silent about the fact that the load on the site will interfere with work on the machine, or vice versa, it will interfere with work site.
The rest is called pampering, who really wants to do web development, reads a lot on the topic, knows how to use Google and ask adequate questions.

Answer 2

1) What you do - html/css/js - frontend, php - backend
2) The wordpress backend consists of a php + mysql database where posts are stored
3) In wordpress, pure information (not code) is stored in the mysql database
4) Not it makes sense to do hosting on a home computer. If you're interested in developing a site, make a local hosting for development (wamp/xampp), and set up synchronization so that changes you make in the local version are reflected in the production version.