Are there analogues to the Bayer filter? It is necessary to understand the difference in spectroscopy between the Bayer filter and others, to compare which one is better?

Question

Image processing

Hello
I wonder if there is a filter better than the Bayer filter?
What part of the spectrum is eaten up by the Bayer filter and other filters is the main question. The most difficult.
Need spectrography / spectroscopy
In addition to spectroscopy, you must specify which filter capture - Bayer - 400-700 nanometers. Spectrum capture.