Are there algorithms for determining the degree of similarity of two strings?

Question

C++ / C#

Interested in the following - are there algorithms or examples that would take into account the consonance of letters in words (Igor-Igar) or maybe sources where you can read about this?

Answer 1

Levenshtein distance

Answer 2

Build a transcription by word, then compare the transcription. It seems to be nothing complicated.

Answer 3

sphinxsearch.com/blog/2013/07/15/morphology-proces...
sphinxsearch.com/downloads/dicts
sphinx is written in C++ if I'm not mistaken. so you can see which libraries are used