Arduino Uno, Nano and simple Arduino, what's the difference?

Question

Arduino

1) Are the parts universal? Or does each arduino need its own?
2) What power are they designed for?
3) What can one arduino model do that another cannot?

Answer 1

In general, the biggest difference is the layout of the board.
nano is still small, besides (logically)
but the question of "simple arduina" is more extensive) this includes all possible modifications and clones.
in general, there are almost no differences (if it is an arduino, and not an arduino form factor board with which arm cortex thread on board. yes, there are such ones too). differences can only be in the soldered avr controller model. and hence available memory. they all have a frequency of 16 megahertz (there are 8).
parts (shields) are universal. so universal that they fit boards that just copy the pinout of the arduino (such as on the arm)
and here's more. the nano does not have a power stabilizer, so it is powered only by ready-made 5 volts, or from usb. but larger scarves can also take in 9 volts from an adapter of some kind of thread or batteries.
well, yes. nano is not compatible with shields because it is designed to be plugged into a breadboard (it fits in and out perfectly)

Answer 2

There are practically no differences between arduins. These are all atmega328 or atmega168 in various form factors. UNO and MICRO are designed for prototyping electronics: the first one is put on a bunch of different shields, the second one is perfectly installed on the beradboard, and it also has shields. MINI and NANO are designed for embedding in one-time DIY projects, there is a microcontroller with a minimum strapping for operation and solder contacts. Normal serial devices on the Arduino constructor can only be developed, then it is better to implement them on separate radio components.